Science explained

The life cycle of a star

Stars change as nuclear fuel and internal structure evolve, with different outcomes for low-mass and high-mass stars.

AstronomyStars

Editorial review: August 12, 2026 · Julian E. Marston

Main sequence

Most stellar life is spent fusing hydrogen in the core.

Expansion follows core changes

Stars can become giants or supergiants when core hydrogen is depleted.

Lower-mass endings

Stars like the Sun eventually shed outer layers and leave white dwarfs.

Massive-star endings

Massive stars can undergo core collapse and leave neutron stars or black holes.

Source trail: NASA: star basics
This page explains scientific concepts for general learning. It does not replace laboratory safety procedures, professional engineering guidance, or individualized medical advice.